1 Created on April 24, 2023 By anup 402 anatomy and physiology mc 1 / 44 The hairless part of the nose that houses the nostrils is called the: vomeronasal organ nasal plane turbinate sinus 2 / 44 The boney ridges that are covered with membranes that slow down air movement by protruding into the nasal chamber are called: nostrils olfactory lobes turbinates nasopharynx 3 / 44 The best pigment for smelling ability is: yellowish pigment rich brown pigment lack of pigment (albinism) 4 / 44 Which of the following has the biggest square area of olfactory sensory cells inside the nose? Man German Shepard dog Dachshund Fox Terrier 5 / 44 A comparison of olfactory cell counts between man and dog indicates that a dog’s sense of smell is how many times better than man’s? it's the same as a man's it's two times better it's 100 times better it's 44 times better 6 / 44 Which of the following factors can limit the olfactory abilities of a dog? short nosed dogs (brachycephalic) albino dogs and certain breeds of white or light colored dogs small breeds of dogs all of the above 7 / 44 Which of the following races has the least amount of body odor? Negroid Caucasian Oriental all races are the same 8 / 44 Which of the following contributes to an individual’s scent? bathing frequency clothing living conditions diet all of the above 9 / 44 Dead cells, called rafts, are constantly shed from the body from which of the following areas: the skin the respiratory tract the digestive tract all of the above 10 / 44 The source of sweat is which of the following? the eccrine glands the apocrine glands the eccrine and apocrine glands none of the above 11 / 44 Sweat is one of the main contributors to body odor. Which of the following contains the most eccrine sweat glands? the forearm the forehead the sole of the foot the leg 12 / 44 The location of the aprocrine sweat glands is at the base of the hair follicles in which of the following areas of the body? the perianal area the genital area the navel the axilla (underarm) area all of the above 13 / 44 Which of the following microorganisms is the dominant resident of the skin? bacteria fungi parasites all of the above 14 / 44 The main ingredients of human scent are the bacteria acting upon dead cells in the body skin secretions. Which of the following affects the growth of bacteria the most? a person's age temperature the sex of a person 15 / 44 According to Droscher, in approximately how many minutes was the scent of a person’s foot in a new pair of rubber boots 0.2 millimeters thick, detectable by dogs? 30 minutes 1 minute 8 minutes 45 minutes type the answer here 16 / 44 Of the following, which feature does not affect the individuality of a person’s scent? heredity diet emotion metabolism environment experience bacterial flora all of the above 17 / 44 Which of the below terms best describes the shape of rafts (dead skin cells)? round square cornflake shape triangular 18 / 44 Approximately how many dead skin cells are shed by the body per minute? 1000 5000 20000 40000 19 / 44 Which of the following is not true about larger rafts? they are carried shorter distances by air currents people with skin diseases may shed more of the larger rafts they may contain fewer bacteria and therefore produce less scent all of the above are true 20 / 44 Studies have shown that there is a current of air next to the surface of the skin that disperses a person’s rafts (dead skin cells) at a rate of how many feet per minute? 10 feet 50 feet 125 feet 500 feet 21 / 44 Which of the following can have an effect on increasing the velocity, or how fast, rafts will be shed from the body? a decrease in the outside temperature the type of clothing worn taking a shower all of the above 22 / 44 Body air currents which carry a person’s scent flow in which direction? upward from the feet downward from the feet sideways from the armpits none of the above 23 / 44 Which of the following is not true about a person’s scent? it is composed of a single element it is a combination of many elements one atom in a molecule can change a smell none of the above 24 / 44 Once a body’s rafts (dead skin cells) are dispersed into the environment, they will be affected by which of the following? wind temperature humidity all of the above 25 / 44 One of the best ways to judge the condition of the wind is: Moisten a finger and hold it in the air. Watch smoke that has been generated at ground level. Stick out your tongue. 26 / 44 Which of the following statements is not true? the earth heats and cools at a faster rate than the air in general, warm wind currents will travel up a slope in the morning as the sun starts to lower, cool wind currents will run down a slope 27 / 44 Which of the following are true for handlers working with scenting dogs? hills and ridges should be searched in the morning valleys should be searched in the late afternoon it’s harder to close in on a victim where there are small rocky outcroppings, which create counter currents all of the above 28 / 44 When there is no wind on a late summer afternoon, sometimes cooler air will join with warmer ground air and produce a turbulence effect. Which of the following is true about working with scenting dogs in areas with turbulence? Turbulence can produce a specific layer of scent 2 or 3 feet above the ground. Turbulence results in what is called airborne scent. Cold air is subject to less turbulence. All of the above. 29 / 44 Which of the following is a component of the ground picture? The disturbance of the earth caused by a person's footsteps. Rafts which come to rest on the ground. Both A and B 30 / 44 When a footstep falls on the earth, the following 3 processes occur: vegetative fluids are released; rafts (dead skin cells) wrapped in vapor come to rest on the ground; and the killed plant cells produce a bacterial decomposition on or in the soil. Keeping these facts in mind, which of the following is true about these 3 processes: Each of the 3 processes begins exactly at the same time. Each process continues for the same length of time. Each process is of the same intensity. Each process has a different chemical makeup. 31 / 44 Which of the following odors may mask the particular odor being sought? cedar mint skunk cabbage onions all of the above 32 / 44 Of the following odors, which will last the shorter amount of time and have the lesser intensity? human scent in the form of rafts (dead skin cells) resting on the ground vegetative odors (dead plant cells killed in one footstep) both odors will last the same amount of time and have the same intensity 33 / 44 Which of the following conditions has the most pronounced effect on bacterial activity and therefore odor? temperature humidity location 34 / 44 In Syrotuck’s evaluation of temperature and bacterial activity, which of the following temperature conditions led to vapors being given off over a longer period of time but at a lower intensity level? optimum temperature conditions below optimum temperature conditions of 49 degrees Fahrenheit above optimum temperature conditions 35 / 44 If rafts (dead skin cells) were deposited on the ground around noon, the chances of perceiving them would be best at what time? at about 3 pm at about 5 pm during the evening 36 / 44 If rafts were deposited in the evening, they would be more easily perceived at what time? at noon the following day the following morning the evening they were deposited 37 / 44 With regard to the ground picture, which of the following enables a dog to discriminate one human from another? the raft vapors that are dispersed the dead plant vapors in the area of the footprint both a and b 38 / 44 According to Syrotuck, a dog that indicates almost each one of the subject’s footsteps is a: trailing dog tracking dog air scent dog 39 / 44 According to Syrotuck, a dog that is oriented to rafts which have fallen to the ground along the person’s route and that works some distance from the actual footsteps, is a: trailing dog tracking dog air scent dog 40 / 44 According to Syrotuck, dogs that ignore ground deposits and hold their heads high as though searching air currents for evidence, is a: trailing dog tracking dog air scent dog 41 / 44 A dog’s training should begin with: relatively “old” tracks slightly “older” tracks "fresh tracks" 42 / 44 Because tracking dogs tend to have difficulty in discriminating between humans, one way to enhance discrimination training would be to train on: Dense vegetation Snow Hard, dry ground with sparse vegetation allow the dog to check several feet off to the sides of the track. 43 / 44 To enhance discrimination training, which of the following should be used: allow the dog to check several feet off to the sides of the track multiple choice tracks of equal and varying age should be practiced in the final stages good scent articles should be used train on hard dry ground all of the above 44 / 44 Which of the following types of dogs is the least ground oriented? the tracking dog the trailing dog the point source dogs Your score is The average score is 36% LinkedIn Facebook Twitter VKontakte 0% Restart quiz